Its structure consists of a pyridine ring bearing an amino group (–NH₂) at the 2-position and a nitro group (–NO₂) at the 5-position. 5-Nitropyridin-2-yl amine is registered under the standard CAS number 4214-76-0, while 4124-76-0 appears to be a common typographical error (transposed digits) occasionally found on some supplier sites but not recognized by major chemical databases. It typically presents as a yellow crystalline powder with a melting point of approximately 186–188 °C (literature values range from 186 to 190 °C) and is sparingly soluble in water (~1.6 g/L) but soluble in polar organic solvents such as ethanol and DMSO. Widely employed as a versatile building block in organic synthesis, it serves as a key intermediate in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, dyes, and more complex heterocyclic compounds with potential biological activity, including kinase inhibitors and antiviral agents.